Many people on the skin are benign soft growths flesh colored. In most of the cases have a "leg". In daily life, like the skin of training nicknamed the warts. But in dermatology, they are called papillomas.
These neoplasms can occur anywhere on the body. However, the most common are the area of the armpits, neck and groin area. If they do not pay attention, are able to grow in size, the injury in contact with the clothes and bleed.
Why does it occur cutaneous polyps, it is necessary to contact a doctor and how to get rid of them forever — consider it in our article.
Because of what appear papilloma
The main responsible of this malocclusion is the HPV or the human papilloma virus. He is in the body of almost every person. But not all of them are the external manifestations in the form of excrescences. This is due to the fact that in good health the virus safely suppressed from the cells and immune. And after 2-3 years, in most cases, the drive disappears from the body.
What is this virus? HPV is a shell-less virus, that is embedded in the DNA of the cells of the skin and mucous membranes. It is located on the surface, not leaving in the deep layers of the dermis.
For months, or even years, is in a state of suspension. When the immunity for various reasons, the virus activates itself and begins to grow. This leads to papilloma virus.
The factors that negatively affect the immune system, refer to:
- The constant stress.
- Poor quality or food monotonous.
- The lack of vitamins.
- Chronic fatigue.
- A passive lifestyle.
- Bad habits.
- The malignant tumors.
- Transferred to serious infectious diseases.
- Uncontrolled intake of antibiotics.
At risk are the elderly, as well as in relation with the advancing age the body worse than the resistant virus. Often, the skin formation to occur in children. The formless immune system of the child is not able to cope with the virus. And he, after 2-3 months after the infection, it enters an active phase.
Important! If a person is infected with the HPV virus, then remove it completely from the body cannot. Or is it self-healing, or it flows into "hibernation" with the strengthening of the immune system.
The risk factors for women
During pregnancy, women have a natural depression of the immune system. This is necessary to ensure that the body does not see the embryo as a foreign object, and has given him the ability to attach to the uterus. If a woman in the body is present in the human papilloma virus, he must seize this moment. Therefore, in pregnant women the appearance papillomas — a common problem.
The risk factors for men
The causes of cutaneous formations they are in the abuse of alcohol, frequent change of sexual partners, smoking. Bad habits impact negatively on the rule of total immunity, and continues to smoke inhalation inhibits the local protection of the oral cavity and the respiratory tract. This can cause a serious disease, such as papillomatosis of the larynx.
On average, the latent (hidden) the current period from 3 months to a year. When the good health of the infected man remains only a carrier, without external manifestations. But the danger lies in the fact that it is able to infect another person.
Methods of infection by HPV
The causative agent some time is able to survive outside of the human body. The infection occurs most often through the transmission of the virus through the contact e-appliances location. This can be a handshake, a touch, and even the use of common objects of daily use, toys. There are frequent cases of infection in public places of rest. This baths, swimming pool, water parks.
But for penetration into the dermal layer of the skin to a condition — damage to the skin. For infection will be enough micro-fractures or a small abrasion.
The newborn the infection occurs in the vertical, i.e. from mother-support in the process of birth or through breastfeeding.
Genital tip papilloma or warts are only transmitted through unprotected sex from. It is also possible to samsarajade, i.e. the transfer of the virus with a part of the body to another. This happens when combing or injury, accumulation, e.g., during shaving.
The main types and types of papillomas
Strains of HPV are many. Medicine while it is known only approximately 200 types of viruses. Some of them affect only the parts of the body, the other — the mucous membranes in the genitals, while still others occur in the oral cavity and larynx.
Among the species known are the types that have a high oncogenic risk. For example, the most dangerous for women are the viruses 16, 18, and 31 types. They are often detected in cervical erosion, and become the cause of its rebirth in a cancerous tumor. The presence in the body of vysokokonkurentnyj types of virus does not mean that the person is necessarily oncology. But this requires more health conscious and monitoring by a specialist.
In shape and size, the following types of warts:
- The vernacular is the ordinary, the most common growths. They often appear between the toes, on the soles of the feet, chin. Plantar condyloma has more choked solid view from the back to the feet and pressure. Often painful, but not oncogenic.
- Filiform or acrochordus — they are specific to older people. Externally dense yellowish in color. They have the tendency to grow with time. Always have a thin leg. They are located in the armpits, in the neck, in the folds of the skin and in the groin. Are not in the degree of malignancy.
- Flat — small many skin instruction of flat shape. Above the skin rise up slightly. Have a meat or a bit of a brown color. You are on the face, in the upper part of the thorax, in the anal area. Risk low degree of malignancy.
- The tip of the wart or genital warts — they occur only on the genitals. The route of infection, mainly sexual. Are capable of degeneration into malignant tumor.
Some forms of HPV cause dangerous disease papillomatosis of the larynx. White plaque and growths impede normal breathing, it affects the vocal cords. This condition can lead to suffocation. Often this diagnosis are diagnosed in children. In the complicated when the virus drops down and affects the bronchi, the lungs and the trachea.
The danger of skin growths
Most of them is not a threat to life and health. They are just a cosmetic problem and cause psychological distress.
But, if papillomas are caused by a virus with a high level of oncogenetic, when adverse circumstances can lead to the cancer diagnosis. Malignant tumor results in a strong poisoning, but also to the metastases.
The factors that can cause malignancy education:
- sunburn and exposure to ultraviolet rays;
- infection by the papilloma virus to the cause of his injury;
- the chronic inflammation in the body and decreased immunity.
Also growths often grow, their number increases. They tend to blend into a group, the result is a large impressive square. The rubbing of clothing can cause damage to the persons and at the bleeding edge.
When it is necessary to consult a doctor
Necessarily it is necessary to consult a dermatologist for a visit, if you have noticed the following changes:
- After injury, the wound does not heal. There is the flow of the liquid, you experience pain when touched.
- The color of the education is become more dark.
- Papilloma began to increase in size.
- With pyorrhea.
- The appearance of bad odors.
- Lancinating pain even at rest.
- Hair loss in the area of accumulation.
Any skin statement subject to inspection and surveillance with a genetic predisposition to cancer. If papilloma bring home the discomfort and prevent it, they are subject to mechanical removal.
Diagnosis and treatment of warts
Depending on the place of localization is necessary to consult a dermatologist, gynecologist or urologist. For the evaluation of the accumulation is necessarily in the following studies:
- Dermatoscopy — detailed study of the papilloma through the lens of the loupe repair the device.
- Analysis of the blood for the research of antibodies to the HPV virus.
- PCR-diagnosis.
- The introit of the biomaterial for histology (if it is suspected canceration of education).
When vaginal formations the doctor takes the strokes of the urethra or of the neck of the uterus. It carries out the delivery of testing for the presence of sexually transmitted diseases. The diagnosis in the presence of genital warts is made by both partners.
Multiple rashes, you can perform analysis for verification of the immune status.
Disease therapy aims to suppress the virus and improve immunity. This necessarily the elimination of all growths, such as sources of virus. Then you place the anti-viral therapy and immunomodulatory reception.
Methods of removal of formations
Depending on the size and location, your doctor may offer the following methods of ready removal.
- Cryosurgery or the impact of liquid nitrogen.
The disadvantage of this method is that the specialist can not precisely control the depth of exposure. It is possible to burn, or incomplete removal of the statement. - Laser removal
It is a modern method, which allows for a session to get rid of a couple of formations. Does not leave any scars or scars. Does not cause bleeding, so how is the process of sealing the blood vessels. Has a series of contraindications. - Electrocoagulation.
This method involves the exposure to an accumulation with the help of the electrode. Effective when the speakers papillomas, which has a leg. Apply in the intimate zone. Advantage: the accumulation it is possible to send an additional laboratory test. - Radio wave, mode or method of a radiologist.
A specialist can choose, individually, the length and the strength of the radio waves, given the depth of the edge. Is made with the help of an apparatus "Surgitron". Healthy cells are not damaged, occurs, the point of impact on the accumulation of a thin electrode. The rehabilitation is not necessary.
In rare cases, is used the surgical removal of the statement. Apply with large formations, or if there are signs of a degree of malignancy. This is the most radical, but effective method. It is necessary to the subsequent recovery. Often it remains a small scar. The risk of relapse is minimal, as well as the surgeon completely removes outgrowth, which affects the healthy area. The surgery is performed under local anesthesia.
Individual municipalities papilloma you can view with the help of special chemical formulations. Are, in part, they contain caustic soda or acid. But in this way the risk of burns. Additionally, when the incomplete removal accumulation often result in new formulations. Independent excretion formations can lead to serious negative consequences.
Prevention measures
Fully protect from HPV infection is only possible with vaccination. But his should be carried out only before the beginning of sexual life. Only protects from the most dangerous types of viruses, which are capable of bringing to the oncology.
To reduce the risk of papillomas, it is necessary to observe the basic rules.
- In recreational areas the public do not walk barefoot. Use only shoes.
- In the public baths, disposable overlays.
- Use a condom for oral and vaginal sex as. But this will be only 50% protection, as well as for the infection is simple enough flesh contact.
- Strive to relationships monogamous.
- Reduce to a minimum the work in close contact with an infected person, that has outward manifestations of the disease.
Particular attention should be paid to the health, if you plan to become pregnant. For this pre-deliver the test for the detection of HPV.
To avoid the recurrence of the malocclusion after removal, you must comply with all recommendations of the doctor. You need to take care of immunity, maintaining at an optimal level. For this you need to and continue to eat, exercise and give up bad habits.
The presence of HPV in the body is not a cause of alarm and to develop the reinforced treatment. But when it is detected on the skin hemorrhoids it is best to consult a doctor.